Apparatus for continuously grouping on a conveyor

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to an apparatus for continuously grouping or marshalling objects ( 1 ) together on a conveyor. The conveyor is divided into a first ( 2 ) and a second ( 3 ) conveyor section, where the second conveyor section ( 3 ) has a higher speed than the first conveyor section ( 2 ). The conveyor sections ( 2, 3 ) have a common plane ( 4 ) on which the objects ( 1 ) are advanced. The conveyor sections ( 2, 3 ) each have two bending rollers ( 6, 7, 10, 11 ) in the common plane ( 4 ), of which each having a bending roller ( 6, 7 ) lying placed closely adjacent one another. Between the rollers ( 6, 7 ) placed adjacent one another, theme is disposed an arrest memeber ( 18 ). The arrest member ( 18 ) is movable through 90 o  in relation to the common plane ( 4 ). The arrest member ( 18 ) is moreover, together with the bending rollers ( 6,7 ), laterally displaceable along the common plane ( 4 ).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously grouping or marshalling of objects on a conveyor, the conveyor being divided into a first and second conveyor section, with a common plane on which the objects are advanced, both conveyor sections each having two bending rollers in the common plane, of which each having a bending roller lying placed closely adjacent one another, and the second conveyor section running at a higher speed than the first conveyor section.

BACKGROUND ART

In the distribution of different objects, it is occasionally desirable to marshal or group together a given number of objects into a so-called distribution unit. The distribution unit may be held together in different ways; for example, the grouped or marshalled objects may be shrink-film wrapped, provided with a wrapping of paper or paperboard or be held together by other means as a unit. Also as regards the manufacture of single-use disposable packages for foods, there is often a need in the art, in particular for packages of smaller volumes, to marshal or group them together into distribution units.

The single-use disposable packages may be manufactured from a paper laminate or alternatively from plastic and may have various configurations. A commonly occurring package shape is the parallelepipedic configuration. The packages are manufactured in a filling machine from a running material web, where the material web is formed into a product tube, is filled with product and severed to form individual packaging containers which are thereafter finally formed. The finished packaging containers depart from the filling machine normally on a conventional conveyor belt.

There are many ways of marshalling or grouping together a given number of objects, such as packaging containers, before they are wrapped to form a distribution unit in a special machine. The commonest method is to cause a brake or an arrest device intermittently to release a predetermined number of objects from a long row of objects. The number of objects is normally monitored by photocells or the like.

With filling machines that have constantly increasing capacity for manufacturing single use packages, the demands on the equipment or the machines that handle the packages before distribution are also increasing. The same applies to those machines that manufacture distribution units, such as shrink-film wrapped units. In order to be able to increase capacity output, it is necessary that the packages reach these machines already pre-grouped into the number desired. The apparatuses that marshal or group together the objects, i.e. the packages, must operate continuously.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to realise an apparatus which groups a continuous row of objects advanced on a conveyor, without stopping the advancement of the objects during the grouping operation.

A further object of the present invention is to realise an exact and reliable grouping without employing monitoring, for example in the form of photocells or the like.

Solution

These and other objects have been attained according to the present invention in that the apparatus of the type disclosed by way of introduction has been given the characterising features that, between the above-mentioned bending rollers placed adjacent one another, there is disposed an arrest member which is movable through 90° in relation to the common plane, and that the above-mentioned bending rollers, together with the arrest member, are laterally displaceable along the common plane.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention have further been given the characterising features as set forth in the appended subclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

One preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in greater detail hereinbelow, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows an apparatus according to the present invention; and

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the function of the apparatus in steps A-E.

The Drawings show only those parts and details essential to an understanding of the present invention and the positioning of the apparatus in its context has been omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 shows the apparatus according to the present invention without objects 1 and where the positioning of the various parts is clearly apparent, while FIG. 2 schematically shows the function of the apparatus and how the objects 1 are marshalled or grouped into desired groups. The direction of movement of the objects 1 through the apparatus is indicated by arrows on the Drawings.

The apparatus includes a conveyor divided into a first 2 and a second 3 conveyor section. The conveyor sections 2, 3 consist of driven, endless belts or chains which have a common plane 4 on which the objects 1 are advanced. As is apparent from FIG. 1, the conveyor may be divided into further sections 5 if desired, or if needs arise for further grouping of handling of the objects 1. The following description encompasses the conveyor sections 2 and 3, but can correspondingly also apply to the section 5.

Each conveyor section 2, 3 has a bending roller 6, 7 placed closely adjacent one another in the common plane 4. The conveyor sections 2, 3 also have a driving roller 8, 9, which in the preferred embodiment, is placed under the common plane 4 of the conveyor sections 2, 3. The second conveyor section 3 in the direction of movement of the objects 1 is driven at a higher speed than the first conveyor section 2. The speed difference is at least 10% in the preferred embodiment. However, the speed difference must not be too great, which might cause objects 1 of a relatively high centre of gravity to topple over.

In the common plane 4, there are each additional bending rollers 10, 11. Under the common plane 4, each conveyor section 2, 3 displays additional bending rollers 12-17 whose function will be described below. The bending rollers 6, 7, 10, 11 which are placed in the common plane 4 are all of slight diameter in order to facilitate the transport of the objects 1 on the conveyor sections 2, 3. Alternatively, these bending rollers 6, 7, 10, 11 may be substituted by some form of bent rails.

Between the bending rollers 6, 7 placed adjacent one another, there is disposed an arrest member 18. The arrest member 18 is secured on a bracket 19 together with the bending rollers 6, 7. The bracket 19 is movably disposed on a rail or a guide 20 which is oriented parallel with the common plane 4. By means of a piston and cylinder assembly (not shown), the bracket 19 is movable along the common plane 4. The piston and cylinder assembly may be pneumatic or hydraulic. Alternatively, the movement of the bracket 19 may be guided by a servo motor or a cam curve. As a result of the movement of the bracket 19, the arrest member 18 moves between two end positions, a forward end position 21 (in the direction of movement of the objects 1) and a rear end position 22.

The arrest member 18 is moreover disposed to reciprocate through 90° in relation to the common plane 4. Thus, the arrest member may move between an upper end position where the arrest member 18 is located above the common plane 4 and a lower end position where the arrest member 18 is located under the common plane 4. The movement of the arrest member 18 is guided in the preferred embodiment by a piston and cylinder assembly which may be pneumatic or hydraulic. Alternatively, the movement of the arrest member 18 is guided by a cam curve.

Of the bending rollers which each conveyor section 2, 3 has positioned under the common plane 4, bending rollers 13, 14 and 16, 17 are secured on the same bracket 19 as the arrest member 18 and the bending rollers 6, 7 are secured on. As a result of the movement of the bracket 19 reciprocally along the common plane 4, the length of the conveyor sections 2, 3 is altered in the common plane 4. In that the above-disclosed bending rollers 13, 14 and 16, 17 accompany this movement, the change in length is compensated for.

FIG. 2 shows the function of the apparatus in a number of subdrawings A-E. In FIG. 2A, the apparatus is in the starting position. The arrest member 18 is located at its upper end position, i.e. it is located wholly above the common plane 4. Further, the arrest member 18 is located approximately centrally between the forward and rear end positions. In this position, the objects 1 form a queue behind the arrest member 18 and are held there by the arrest member 18 but without being obstructed in their forward movement.

In FIG. 2B, the arrest member 18, and thereby also the bending rollers 6, 7, have moved forward to the forward end position 21. At the same time, the arrest member 18 has moved downwards so that it is located in its lowermost end position at the same time as being located in its forward end position 21. The first object 1 a will then move over to the second conveyor section 3. As a result of the higher speed of the second conveyor section 3, the first object 1 a begins to accelerate and a small gap opens up between the first 1 a and the second 1 b objects.

In FIG. 2C, the arrest member 18 has, together with the bending rollers 6, 7, moved back until the arrest member 18 reaches its rear end position 22. The arrest member 18 is located, throughout the entire movement, in its lower end position under the common plane 4. During this movement, the number of objects 1 which it is desired will be grouped together has moved in onto the second conveyor section 3. The distance M between the forward end position 21 and the rear end position 22 must thus be varied depending upon how many objects 1 are to be grouped together.

FIG. 2D shows that moment when the arrest member 18 and the bending rollers 6, 7 once again move forward, at the same time as the arrest member 18 begins to move upwards. This entails that the gap between the last grouped object 1 c and the next object 1 d in the sequence widens. The increased gap provides the arrest member 18 with the opportunity to continue up to its upper end position without disturbing the objects 1 which are continuously transported on the two conveyor sections 2, 3.

FIG. 2E is identical with FIG. 2A. The arrest member 18 is in its upper end position and holds back the queue of objects 1. The movement cycle is now completed and can thereafter be re-started in accordance with the above description. The objects 1 constantly move forward in the direction of the arrow so that they are continuously grouped.

No photocells or other detectors are necessary for grouping objects 1 in the apparatus according to the present invention. The distance M which the arrest member 18 moves between its forward end position 21 and its rear end position 22 determines the number of objects 1 which are to be grouped together.

As will have been apparent from the foregoing description, the present invention realises an apparatus for the continuous grouping of objects which are advanced on a conveyor. The apparatus makes for rapid and reliable grouping together without the use of photocells or other detectors and without the objects being arrested in their movement on the conveyor. 

1. An apparatus for continuously grouping or marshalling of objects on a conveyor, the conveyor being divided into a first and second conveyor section, with a common plane on which the objects are advanced, both conveyor sections each having two bending rollers in the common plane, of which each having a bending roller lying placed closely adjacent one another, and the second conveyor section running at a higher speed than the first conveyor section, wherein between said bending rollers placed adjacent one another, there is disposed an arrest member which is movable through 90° in relation to the common plane; and wherein said bending rollers are, together with the arrest member, laterally displaceable along the common plane.
 2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the speed of the second conveyor section is at least 10% higher than the speed of the first conveyor section.
 3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrest member moves between an upper and a lower end position; and that the arrest member also moves between a forward end position and a rear end position.
 4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the distance M between the forward and the rear end positions determines the number of objects which are grouped together. 